Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions — the primary deed-recorded document governing what owners can and cannot do.
CC&Rs (Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions) are the foundational legal document of any HOA community. They are recorded in the county land records and run with the land — meaning they bind every future owner of every lot or unit in the community, not just the person who signed them. CC&Rs define the community boundaries, establish the HOA as a legal entity, grant it authority to collect assessments and enforce rules, restrict how properties may be used (no commercial use, no unapproved exterior changes), and establish architectural standards. They also describe what constitutes common area versus individual ownership. CC&Rs cannot be changed by the board alone — amendment typically requires a supermajority of all members.
CC&Rs are legally binding on every owner regardless of whether they have read them. Violations can result in fines, legal action, and forced compliance. Every buyer should receive and review the CC&Rs before closing.
Bylaws
The document governing the HOA's internal operations — meetings, elections, officer duties, and board procedures.
Governing Documents
The complete set of legal documents that establish and regulate the HOA — CC&Rs, bylaws, rules, and the plat.
Deed Restriction
A limitation on property use written into the deed or CC&Rs and binding on all future owners.
Amendment
A formal change to the HOA's governing documents, requiring a member vote to ratify.
Covenant
A binding promise or restriction in the CC&Rs that runs with the land and governs property use.
LotWize handles cc&rs tracking automatically — along with violations, ARC requests, meeting minutes, and homeowner communications, all in one platform built for self-managed HOAs.
Start 14-Day Free TrialThis page provides general information only — not legal or financial advice. HOA laws vary by state and community. Always consult your governing documents and an HOA attorney for guidance specific to your situation.